Definitions

Income measures
Gross profit/loss	Net sales less cost of goods sold.
Operating profit/loss (EBITDA)	Profit before depreciation and impairment.
Operating profit/loss (EBITA)	Operating profit after depreciation and impairment but before deduction for impairment of goodwill as well as amortization and impairment of other intangible assets that arose in conjunction with business combinations.
Operating profit/loss (EBIT)	Operating profit/loss before financial items and tax.
Margin measures
Gross margin	Gross profit/loss as a percentage of net sales for the period.
Operating margin (EBITDA)	Operating profit/loss (EBITDA) as a percentage of net sales for the period.
Operating margin (EBITA)	Operating profit/loss (EBITA) as a percentage of net sales for the period.
Operating margin (EBIT)	Operating profit/loss (EBIT) as a percentage of net sales for the period.
Capital structure
Net debt	Interest-bearing liabilities and interest-bearing provisions less interest-bearing assets, including cash and equivalents.
Net debt/equity ratio	Net debt in relation to shareholders' equity.
Interest coverage ratio	Profit/loss after net financial items plus financial expenses in relation to financial costs.
Equity/assets ratio	Shareholders’ equity including non-controlling interests as a percentage of total assets.
Capital employed	Total assets less non-interest-bearing provisions and liabilities.
Operating capital	Total assets less cash and equivalents, other interest-bearing assets and non-interest-bearing provisions and liabilities.
Return measures
Return on shareholders' equity	Profit/loss after tax for the period attributable to the Parent Company’s shareholders as a percentage of average shareholders’ equity, excluding non-controlling interest.
Return on capital employed	Profit/loss after net financial items plus financial expenses as a percentage of average capital employed.
Return on operating capital	Operating profit/loss (EBIT) as a percentage of average operating capital.